{"id":182,"date":"2020-08-22T15:21:05","date_gmt":"2020-08-22T07:21:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kishere.gq\/?p=182"},"modified":"2021-01-14T10:55:39","modified_gmt":"2021-01-14T02:55:39","slug":"linux-%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e9%97%b4%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/?p=182","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u2014\u2014\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u76ee\u7684<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u77e5\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u3002\uff08\u5982\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u901a\u77e5\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e0c\u671b\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/h1>\n<ol>\n<li>\u7ba1\u9053<\/li>\n<li>System V\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/li>\n<li>POSIX\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>1.\u7ba1\u9053<\/h2>\n<p>\u7ba1\u9053\u662fUnix\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u89c1\u5f97\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/h3>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">int pipe(int,fd[2]);\n\/\/fd\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4,fd[0]\u4ee3\u8868\u8bfb\u7aef,fd[1]\u4ee3\u8868\u5199\u7aef\n\/\/\u8fd4\u56de0\u65f6\u4ee3\u8868\u6210\u529f,\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ece\u952e\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u5199\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include &lt;string.h&gt;\n#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;\nint main( void )\n{\n    int fds[2];\n    char buf[100];\n    int len;\n    if ( pipe(fds) == -1 )\n        perror(\"make pipe\"),exit(1);\n    \/\/ \u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u6570\u636e(\u952e\u76d8)\n    while ( fgets(buf, 100, stdin) ) {\n            len = strlen(buf);\n        \/\/ \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053\n        if ( write(fds[1], buf, len) != len ) {\n            perror(\"write to pipe\");\n            break;\n        }\n        memset(buf, 0x00, sizeof(buf));\n        \/\/ \u4ece\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\n        if ( (len=read(fds[0], buf, 100)) == -1 ) {\n            perror(\"read from pipe\");\n            break;\n        }\n        \/\/ \u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa(\u5c4f\u5e55)\n        if ( write(1, buf, len) != len ) {\n            perror(\"write to stdout\");\n            break;\n        }\n    }\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa, \u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c. Linux\u4e0b\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u4f53\u73b0.<\/p>\n<h4>\u7ba1\u9053\u7279\u70b9<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b(\u5177\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b)\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1. \u4e00\u822c\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053, \u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528fork, \u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053.<\/li>\n<li>\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u81f4.<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7ba1\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u65a5\\<\/li>\n<li>\u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u901a\u4fe1, \u6570\u636e\u53ea\u80fd\u671d\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u6d41\u52a8, \u9700\u8981\u4e92\u76f8\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6, \u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053<\/h3>\n<p>\u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u521b\u5efa:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-c line-numbers\">mkfifo filename\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>2.system V\u5171\u4eab<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u770b\u89c1\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe:<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img-blog.csdnimg.cn\/20191002102117854.png#pic_center\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><br \/>\n\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u533a, \u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u61f5\u903c\u8fd9\u662f\u5e72\u5565\u7684.<br \/>\n\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7684\u533a\u57df.<br \/>\n\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u7684IPC\u5f62\u5f0f. \u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4, \u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u4e0d\u518d\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5185\u6838, \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u6570\u636e.<\/p>\n<h3>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e92\u65a5<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u6c42\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u8981\u4e92\u65a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5404\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7ade\u4e89\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e92\u65a5.<\/li>\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u79f0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u6216\u4e92\u65a5\u8d44\u6e90.<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e92\u65a5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bb5\u53eb\u4e34\u754c\u533a \u7279\u6027\u65b9\u9762.<\/li>\n<li>IPC\u8d44\u6e90\u5fc5\u987b\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u9664\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5system V IPC\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u968f\u5185\u6838.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u76ee\u7684 \u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002 \u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 \u901a\u77e5\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u3002\uff08\u5982\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u901a\u77e5\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e0c\u671b\u5b8c\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a \u7ba1\u9053 System V\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1 POSIX\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1 1.\u7ba1\u9053 \u7ba1\u9053\u662fUnix\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u89c1\u5f97\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u3002 \u533f\u540d\u7ba1\u9053 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053: int pipe(int,fd[2]); \/\/fd\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4,fd[0]\u4ee3\u8868\u8bfb\u7aef,fd[1]\u4ee3\u8868\u5199\u7aef \/\/\u8fd4\u56de0\u65f6\u4ee3\u8868\u6210\u529f,\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801 \u4ece\u952e\u76d8\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u5199\u5230\u5c4f\u5e55: #include &lt;stdio.h&gt; #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt; #include &lt;string.h&gt; #include &lt;unistd.h&gt; int main( void ) { int fds[2]; char buf[100]; int len; if ( pipe(fds) == -1 ) perror(&#8220;make pipe&#8221;),exit(1); \/\/ \u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u6570\u636e(\u952e\u76d8) while ( fgets(buf, 100, stdin) ) { len = strlen(buf); \/\/ \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053 if ( write(fds[1], buf, len) != len ) { perror(&#8220;write to pipe&#8221;); break; } memset(buf, 0x00, sizeof(buf)); \/\/ \u4ece\u7ba1\u9053\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e if ( (len=read(fds[0], buf, 100)) == -1 ) { perror(&#8220;read from pipe&#8221;); break; } \/\/ \u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa(\u5c4f\u5e55) if ( write(1, buf, len) != len ) { perror(&#8220;write to stdout&#8221;); break; } } return 0; } \u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa, \u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c. Linux\u4e0b\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u4f53\u73b0. \u7ba1\u9053\u7279\u70b9 \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b(\u5177\u6709\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b)\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1. \u4e00\u822c\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053, \u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528fork, \u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053. \u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u81f4. \u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7ba1\u9053\u64cd\u4f5c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u65a5\\ \u7ba1\u9053\u662f\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u901a\u4fe1, \u6570\u636e\u53ea\u80fd\u671d\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u6d41\u52a8, \u9700\u8981\u4e92\u76f8\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6, \u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ba1\u9053. \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053 \u547d\u540d\u7ba1\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u521b\u5efa: mkfifo filename 2.system V\u5171\u4eab \u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u770b\u89c1\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe: \u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u533a, \u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u61f5\u903c\u8fd9\u662f\u5e72\u5565\u7684. \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7684\u533a\u57df. \u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u7684IPC\u5f62\u5f0f. \u4e00\u65e6\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4, \u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u4e0d\u518d\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5185\u6838, \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u6570\u636e. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e92\u65a5 \u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u6c42\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u8981\u4e92\u65a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5404\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7ade\u4e89\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e92\u65a5. \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u79f0\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a\u4e34\u754c\u8d44\u6e90\u6216\u4e92\u65a5\u8d44\u6e90. \u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e92\u65a5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bb5\u53eb\u4e34\u754c\u533a \u7279\u6027\u65b9\u9762. IPC\u8d44\u6e90\u5fc5\u987b\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u9664\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5system V IPC\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u968f\u5185\u6838.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":198,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=182"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":185,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions\/185"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}