{"id":201,"date":"2020-08-22T22:06:16","date_gmt":"2020-08-22T14:06:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kishere.gq\/?p=201"},"modified":"2021-01-14T10:53:58","modified_gmt":"2021-01-14T02:53:58","slug":"c-stl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/?p=201","title":{"rendered":"C++\u2014\u2014STL"},"content":{"rendered":"

About STL<\/h1>\n

STL\u662fC++\u4e00\u5957C++\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e93, \u539f\u672c\u662f\u60e0\u666e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u51e0\u4f4d\u5927\u4f6c\u6240\u5f00\u53d1\u7684, \u5b83\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e13\u4e3aC++\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684,\u4f46\u5b83\u5bf9C++\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd, \u5e76\u57281994\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165C++\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d.<\/p>\n

STL\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/h1>\n

STL\u5305\u62ec6\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5bb9\u5668<\/li>\n
  2. \u7b97\u6cd5<\/li>\n
  3. \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/li>\n
  4. \u4eff\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n
  5. \u9002\u914d\u5668<\/li>\n
  6. \u7a7a\u95f4\u914d\u7f6e\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u5bb9\u5668<\/h2>\n

    \u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b, STL\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u5bb9\u5668\u6709vector, list\u7b49\u7b49
    \n\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f, \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5934\u6587\u4ef6.<\/p>\n

    \u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

    STL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7b97\u6cd5, \u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5927\u591a\u5728std\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5b9a\u4e49. \u6240\u6709\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u677f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684.<\/p>\n

    \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/h2>\n

    \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eC\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u9488, \u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6, \u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u5404\u79cd\u6307\u9488\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386, \u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c, \u4f46\u6709\u4e86\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668,\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u90a3\u4e48\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e86<\/p>\n

    \u9002\u914d\u5668<\/h2>\n

    \u9002\u914d\u5668\u662f\u5bf9\u5e38\u7528\u5e8f\u5217\u5f0f\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5c01\u88c5, \u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5c01\u88c5\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9002\u914d\u5668\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u6c42. STL\u7684\u9002\u914d\u5668\u6709queue, stack, priority_queue\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u961f\u5217, \u6808, \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u961f\u5217.<\/p>\n

    \u5185\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\u5668<\/h2>\n

    \u5185\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\u5668\u65f6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b, \u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8c03\u7528.<\/p>\n

    string\u7684\u6784\u9020<\/h1>\n

    \u6a21\u677f\u5e93\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u7684, \u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7c7b. \u65e2\u7136\u6709\u4e86\u7c7b, \u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e86.string\u7c7b\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684.
    \nstring\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6709:<\/p>\n

    string();\/\/\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\nstring(const char* s);\/\/\u7528C\u98ce\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6784\u9020string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\nstring(size_t size,char c);\/\/\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2astring\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61, \u5305\u542bsize\u4e2ac\u5b57\u7b26\nstring(const string& s);\/\/\u901a\u8fc7\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    string\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u662f\u5806\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4, \u6240\u4ee5STL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027:<\/p>\n
    string s;\ns.size();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\ns.length();\/\/\u540c\u4e0a,\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u522b\ns.capacity(); \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7a7a\u95f4\u603b\u5927\u5c0f,\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5bb9,\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u64cd\u4f5c\ns.empty();\/\/\u5224\u65ad\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\ns.clear();\/\/\u6e05\u7a7a\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u7b26\ns.reserve(x);\/\/\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u9884\u7559x\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\ns.resize(size_t n, char c);\/\/\u6539\u53d8\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570\u5230n\u4e2a,\u589e\u52a0\u65f6,\u4f7f\u7528c\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u586b\u5145, \n                           \/\/\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570c,\u5c31\u75280\u6765\u586b\u5145,\n                           \/\/\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u7b26\u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6269\u5bb9\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    string\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h1>\n
    string\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee:<\/p>\n
    string s(\"kishere\");\nstring::iterator it;\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2astring\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668(\u6b63\u5411)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u540c\u65f6, string\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee:<\/p>\n
    s[1];\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\nit = s.begin();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\nstring::reverse_iterator rit;\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2astring\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668(\u53cd\u5411)\nit = s.end();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\nit = s.rbegin();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\nit = s.rend();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u652f\u6301’++’, ‘- -‘\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e, \u4f46\u662f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u53cd\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668++\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26.<\/p>\n
    string\u7684\u4fee\u6539<\/h1>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7STL\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c.<\/p>\n
    s.pushback('C');\/\/\u5411string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61s\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u5b57\u7b26C\ns.append(str);\/\/\u5411string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61s\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32str\ns+=str;\/\/\u540c\u4e0a\ns.c_str();\/\/\u5c06string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61s\u8f6c\u4e3ac_str\u8fd4\u56de\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d<\/h1>\n
    \u5728\u7c7b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u95ee\u9898. \u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6, \u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570. \u62f7\u8d1d\u548c\u88ab\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4, \u5728\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u65f6, \u4f1a\u4f7f\u5185\u5b58\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u4e24\u6b21, \u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83. \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d.
    \n\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7c7b\u4e2d, \u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa:<\/p>\n
    class string{\npublic:\n    string(const string& s)\n        :_str(new char[strlen(s._str)+1])\n    {\n        strcpy(_str,s._str);\n    }\nprivate:\n    char* _str;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    vector\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h1>\n
    vector\u7684\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u662f< vector >, \u5b83\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u8868\u548cC\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4. \u548cstring\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c.<\/p>\n
    vector\u4f7f\u7528<\/h1>\n
    vector\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0estring\u7c7b\u4f3c<\/p>\n
    \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n
    vector<int> num;\/\/\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u4e00\u4e2avector\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61,\u5b58\u653e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662fint\u578b,num\u91cc\u9762\u662f\u7a7a\u7684\n                \/\/<>\u91cc\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u653e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u7c7b\u578b, \u653estring\u578b\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\nvector<int> num2(4,2);\/\/\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u6784\u9020,\u5e76\u5c06num2\u5185\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a4\u4e2a2\nvector<int> num3(num);\/\/\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668<\/h2>\n
    vector<int>:iterator it1 = num.begin();\/\/begin, end, rbegin, rend\u548cstring\u91cc\u7684\u4e00\u6837\nconst vector<int> num4;\nconst vector<int>:const_iterator it2 = num4.begin();\/\/const\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528const\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548<\/h2>\n
    \u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f, vector\u4e2d\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548<\/strong>\u7684\u95ee\u9898.<\/p>\n
    \/\/\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\nint arr[] ={1,2,3,4};\nvector<int> num(arr,arr + sizeof(arr)\/sizeof(int));\nvector<int>::iterator pos = find(num.begin(), num.end(), 3);\nnum.erase(pos);\ncout << *pos <<endl;\/\/\u6b64\u65f6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\n\n\/\/\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548\npos = find(num.begin(), num.end(), 3);\nnum.insert(pos, 30);\ncout << *pos << endl; \/\/insert\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u6269\u5bb9,\u6269\u5bb9\u540e\u539f\u6709\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u88ab\u91ca\u653e,\n                      \/\/num\u6307\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4,\u800c\u6b64\u65f6pos\u8fd8\u662f\u6307\u5411\u539f\u6765\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\n                      \/\/\u6b64\u65f6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u975e\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    list\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h1>\n
    list\u662f\u7531\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684, \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20, \u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0C++\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6240\u6709\u529f\u80fd.<\/p>\n
    \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h1>\n
    list<int>ls;\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u7a7alist\u5bf9\u8c61\nlist<int>ls2(size);\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u521d\u59cb\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3asize\u7684list\u5bf9\u8c61\nlist<int>ls3(size, value);\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u521d\u59cb\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3asize, \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4e3avalue\u7684list\u5bf9\u8c61\nlist<int>ls4(ls3);\/\/\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5143\u7d20\u4fee\u6539<\/h1>\n
    list\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e864\u79cd\u4fee\u6539\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u51fd\u6570:<\/p>\n
    ls.push_back(2);\/\/\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u90e8\u63d2\u51652\nls.push_front(1);\/\/\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u672b\u5c3e\u63d2\u51651\nls.pop_front();\/\/\u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nls.pop_back();\/\/\u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5143\u7d20\nlist<int>::iterator pos;\nls.insert(pos,1);\/\/\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\nls.erase(pos);\/\/\u5220\u9664pos\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nls.erase(pos,pos+2);\/\/\u5220\u9664pos\u548cpos+1\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\nls.clear();\/\/\u6e05\u7a7a\u94fe\u8868\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u51fd\u6570<\/h1>\n
    ls.merge(ls2);\/\/\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\nls.sort();\/\/\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\nls.sort(greater<int>());\/\/\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\nls.remove(1);\/\/\u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u591a\u6709\u503c\u4e3a1\u7684\u5143\u7d20\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    list\u548cvector\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h1>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    vector<\/th>\nlist<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    \u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee, \u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\u6548\u7387\u4e3aO(1)<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee, \u8bbf\u95ee\u6548\u7387\u4e3aO(n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u63d2\u5165, \u5220\u9664\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4f4e, \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(n)<\/td>\n\u63d2\u5165, \u5220\u9664\u6548\u7387\u9ad8, \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3aO(1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5e95\u5c42\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247, \u7a7a\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u7387\u9ad8, \u7f13\u5b58\u5229\u7528\u7387\u9ad8<\/td>\n\u5e95\u5c42\u8282\u70b9\u52a8\u6001\u5f00\u8f9f, \u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u788e\u7247, \u7a7a\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4f4e, \u7f13\u5b58\u5229\u7528\u7387\u4f4e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u63d2\u5165, \u5220\u9664\u65f6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6240\u6709\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548<\/td>\n\u53ea\u6709\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5931\u6548<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee, \u4e0d\u7ecf\u5e38\u589e\u5220\u7684\u573a\u5408<\/td>\n\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u589e\u5220, \u8bbf\u95ee\u6bd4\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u573a\u5408<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    About STL STL\u662fC++\u4e00\u5957C++\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e93, \u539f\u672c\u662f\u60e0\u666e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u51e0\u4f4d\u5927\u4f6c\u6240\u5f00\u53d1\u7684, \u5b83\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e13\u4e3aC++\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684,\u4f46\u5b83\u5bf9C++\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd, \u5e76\u57281994\u5e74\u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165C++\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d. STL\u7ec4\u4ef6 STL\u5305\u62ec6\u5927\u7ec4\u4ef6: \u5bb9\u5668 \u7b97\u6cd5 \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 \u4eff\u51fd\u6570 \u9002\u914d\u5668 \u7a7a\u95f4\u914d\u7f6e\u5668 \u5bb9\u5668 \u5bb9\u5668\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b, STL\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u5bb9\u5668\u6709vector, list\u7b49\u7b49 \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f, \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u4f1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5934\u6587\u4ef6. \u7b97\u6cd5 STL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7b97\u6cd5, \u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5927\u591a\u5728std\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u5b9a\u4e49. \u6240\u6709\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u677f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684. \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eC\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u9488, \u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u65f6, \u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u5404\u79cd\u6307\u9488\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386, \u67e5\u627e\u64cd\u4f5c, \u4f46\u6709\u4e86\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668,\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u90a3\u4e48\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e86 \u9002\u914d\u5668 \u9002\u914d\u5668\u662f\u5bf9\u5e38\u7528\u5e8f\u5217\u5f0f\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5c01\u88c5, \u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5c01\u88c5\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9002\u914d\u5668\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u65e5\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u6c42. STL\u7684\u9002\u914d\u5668\u6709queue, stack, priority_queue\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u961f\u5217, \u6808, \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u961f\u5217. \u5185\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\u5668 \u5185\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\u5668\u65f6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b, \u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u8c03\u7528. string\u7684\u6784\u9020 \u6a21\u677f\u5e93\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u6765\u5c01\u88c5\u7684, \u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7c7b. \u65e2\u7136\u6709\u4e86\u7c7b, \u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u6709\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e86.string\u7c7b\u4e5f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684. string\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6709: string();\/\/\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u7684string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61 string(const char* s);\/\/\u7528C\u98ce\u683c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6784\u9020string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61 string(size_t size,char c);\/\/\u6784\u9020\u4e00\u4e2astring\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61, \u5305\u542bsize\u4e2ac\u5b57\u7b26 string(const string& s);\/\/\u901a\u8fc7\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61 string\u7533\u8bf7\u7684\u662f\u5806\u4e0a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4, \u6240\u4ee5STL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u83b7\u53d6\u5b83\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u5c5e\u6027: string s; s.size();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6 s.length();\/\/\u540c\u4e0a,\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u522b s.capacity(); \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7a7a\u95f4\u603b\u5927\u5c0f,\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5bb9,\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u64cd\u4f5c s.empty();\/\/\u5224\u65ad\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a s.clear();\/\/\u6e05\u7a7a\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u7b26 s.reserve(x);\/\/\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u9884\u7559x\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4 s.resize(size_t n, char c);\/\/\u6539\u53d8\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570\u5230n\u4e2a,\u589e\u52a0\u65f6,\u4f7f\u7528c\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u586b\u5145, \/\/\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u53c2\u6570c,\u5c31\u75280\u6765\u586b\u5145, \/\/\u6709\u6548\u5b57\u7b26\u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6269\u5bb9 string\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u64cd\u4f5c string\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee: string s(“kishere”); string::iterator it;\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2astring\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668(\u6b63\u5411) \u540c\u65f6, string\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee: s[1];\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26 it = s.begin();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 string::reverse_iterator rit;\/\/\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2astring\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668(\u53cd\u5411) it = s.end();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 it = s.rbegin();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 it = s.rend();\/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 \u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u652f\u6301’++’, ‘- -‘\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e, \u4f46\u662f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u53cd\u5411\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668++\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26. string\u7684\u4fee\u6539 \u901a\u8fc7STL\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c. s.pushback(‘C’);\/\/\u5411string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61s\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u5b57\u7b26C s.append(str);\/\/\u5411string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61s\u672b\u5c3e\u8ffd\u52a0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32str s+=str;\/\/\u540c\u4e0a s.c_str();\/\/\u5c06string\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61s\u8f6c\u4e3ac_str\u8fd4\u56de \u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d \u5728\u7c7b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u95ee\u9898. \u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u65f6, \u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570. \u62f7\u8d1d\u548c\u88ab\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4, \u5728\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u65f6, \u4f1a\u4f7f\u5185\u5b58\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u4e24\u6b21, \u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83. \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d. \u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7c7b\u4e2d, \u62f7\u8d1d\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u663e\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa: class string{ public: string(const string& s) :_str(new char[strlen(s._str)+1]) { strcpy(_str,s._str); } private: char* _str; } vector\u7b80\u4ecb vector\u7684\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u662f< vector >, \u5b83\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u8868\u548cC\u8bed\u8a00\u91cc\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u7ec4. \u548cstring\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c. vector\u4f7f\u7528 vector\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0estring\u7c7b\u4f3c \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570 vector<in…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":196,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=201"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":203,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201\/revisions\/203"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/196"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.kishere.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}